Introduction:
The full form of LINUX is Lovable Intellect Not Using XP. It was released by Linus Torvalds on September 17, 1991. Linux is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems that are based on the Linux Kernel. Linux is one of the most popular platforms and it is a free and open source operating system.
Feature of Linux:
Open Source: Linux code is freely available for everyone to use, modify, improve and share.
Stability: Linux is known for its stability, handling heavy workloads without crashes or slowdowns.
Security: It provides security in three ways namely authenticating (by assigning a password and login ID), authorization (by assigning permission to read, write and execute) and encryption (converting the file into an unreadable format).
Lightweight: Linux is highly lightweight in comparison to another operating systems. Linux consumes less space and its installation requires around 4GB to 8GB of disk space. It is more beneficial to use because it's lightweight.
Basics Linux Commands:
Here are some basic Linux commands:
ls: List all the directories and files.
mkdir: Makes a new directory.
rmdir: Remove a directory (only if it's empty).
cd: Change directory.
cd.. : Go back to the previous directory.
pwd: Print the current working directory.
ls -l: List files with more details.
cat: Show the content of a file.
echo: Shows the desired string and value.
man: Tells about all commands.
touch: Create a file.
cp: Copy files.
mv: Move files.
rm: Remove the file permanently.
sudo: Administrative commands (password).
head: Display the first 10 lines.
tail: Display the last 10 lines.
chmod: Change file permissions.
chown: Change file ownership.
history: Shows history of command usage.
Task 1: Check your present working directory
To check your current present working directory use "pwd" command and press enter. It will show you in which directory you're currently in.
Task 2: List all the files or directories including hidden files.
The command used to list all files and directories, including hidden files is "ls -a".
Task 3: Create a nested directory A/B/C/D/E
To create a nested directory structure in Linux, you can use the "mkdir -p" command.
Conclusion:
Today, we completed the basic Linux commands like ls, pwd and nested directory. Now we are ready to use them for daily work practice and effectively explore the world of Linux.
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